ๅ‰

JLPT N5

Before, in front, previous, earlier

Readings

Onโ€™yomi: ใ‚ผใƒณ (zen)
Kunโ€™yomi: ใพใˆ (mae)
before, front

Vocabulary

ๅ‰
ใพใˆ
front
ๅๅ‰
ใชใพใˆ
name
ๅˆๅ‰
ใ”ใœใ‚“
morning
ๅ‰ๅ›ž
ใœใ‚“ใ‹ใ„
previous time
ไปฅๅ‰
ใ„ใœใ‚“
before
ๅ‰ๅŠ
ใœใ‚“ใฏใ‚“
First half

Example Sentences

ๅฎถใฎๅ‰ใซ่ปŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ„ใˆใฎ ใพใˆใซ ใใ‚‹ใพใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
There is a car in front of the house.
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅๅ‰ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ ใชใพใˆใฏ ใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
What is your name?
ๅˆๅ‰ๅ…ซๆ™‚ใซ่ตทใใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ”ใœใ‚“ ใฏใกใ˜ใซ ใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
I wake up at 8 a.m.
ๅ‰ๅ›žใฎไผš่ญฐใฏ้•ทใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
ใœใ‚“ใ‹ใ„ใฎ ใ‹ใ„ใŽใฏ ใชใŒใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
The previous meeting was long.
ไปฅๅ‰ใ“ใฎ็”บใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ่ฉฆๅˆใฎๅ‰ๅŠใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
ใ„ใœใ‚“ ใ“ใฎใพใกใซ ใ™ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใ‚ใ„ใฎ ใœใ‚“ใฏใ‚“ใŒ ใŠใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
I lived in this town before. The first half of the game has ended.

Cultural Note

โ€ข ใพใˆ can mean in front (space) or before (time) depending on context.
o e.g., ๏ผ•ๅนดๅ‰ โ†’ five years ago
o e.g., ้ง…ใฎๅ‰ โ†’ in front of the station
โ€ข ๅ‰ appears in many time expressions:
o ใ€œใฎๅ‰ใซ (before ~)
o ใ€œๅนดๅ‰ (years ago)