越

JLPT N3

Cross, go beyond

Readings

On’yomi: エツ (etsu)

Kun’yomi: こ(す), こ(える) (ko(su), ko(eru))

• こ(す) – to cross, to go over • こ(える) – to go beyond, to surpass

Structure

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Detailed Explanation

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Mnemonic

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Etymology

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Visual Tip

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Vocabulary

越える

こえる

exceed

引っ越す

ひっこす

move house

超越

ちょうえつ

transcend

越境

えっきょう

cross border

年越し

としこし

year crossing

Example Sentences

山を越えます。

やまをこえます。

I cross the mountain.

引っ越します。

ひっこします。

I move house.

超越します。

ちょうえつします。

I transcend it.

越境します。

えっきょうします。

I cross the border.

年越しです。

としこしです。

It is year-end.

Cultural Note

🏔️ The word 越 appears in regional names such as 越後 (Echigo) and 越前 (Echizen) — ancient provinces located beyond the mountains from the capital. The character thus carries a historical nuance of crossing distant lands or borders.