除

JLPT N3

Remove, exclude

Readings

On’yomi: ジョ, ジ (jo, ji)

Kun’yomi: のぞ(く) (nozo(ku))

• のぞ(く) – to remove, to exclude, to eliminate

Structure

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Detailed Explanation

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Mnemonic

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Etymology

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Visual Tip

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Vocabulary

除く

のぞく

exclude

除外

じょがい

exclusion

掃除

そうじ

cleaning

除去

じょきょ

removal

控除

こうじょ

deduction

Example Sentences

雨を除きます。

あめをのぞきます。

I exclude rain.

除外します。

じょがいします。

I exclude it.

掃除します。

そうじします。

I clean.

除去します。

じょきょします。

I remove it.

控除です。

こうじょです。

It is a deduction.

Cultural Note

🧧 “除夜 (じょや)” refers to New Year’s Eve in Japan — the night of cleansing away the old year’s troubles before welcoming the new one.
Temples ring bells 108 times to “除く” (remove) worldly desires, symbolizing purification.