δ»₯

JLPT N4

By means of, since

Readings

On’yomi: γ‚€ (i)
Kun’yomi: もっ(て) (mo(tte))
β€’ もって (motte) – by means of, with, in view of

Vocabulary

δ»₯上
γ„γ˜γ‚‡γ†
more than
δ»₯ζ₯
いらい
since
δ»₯ε†…
いγͺい
within
δ»₯ε€–
γ„γŒγ„
except
δ»₯後
いご
after

Example Sentences

δΈ‰εΉ΄δ»₯δΈŠδ½γ‚“γ§γ„γΎγ™γ€‚
さんねん γ„γ˜γ‚‡γ† すんで います。
I have lived here for over three years.
γγ‚Œδ»₯ε€–γ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“γ€‚
γγ‚Œ γ„γŒγ„ γ‚γ‚ŠγΎγ›γ‚“γ€‚
There is nothing else.

Cultural Note

πŸ”Ή δ»₯ is heavily used in formal writing, official documents, classical literature, and polite expressions.
β€’ In Japanese, it often forms time or quantity expressions like δ»₯前, δ»₯後, δ»₯上, δ»₯δΈ‹, showing relationships of cause, sequence, or measurement.
β€’ Historically, the kanji reflects human action and causality, emphasizing effect or method.
β€’ Understanding δ»₯ helps in reading formal notices, instructions, and classical texts, which are common in business and academic contexts in Japan.