δΊ
JLPT N4
Thing, matter, affair, work, business
Readings
Onβyomi: γΈ (ji)
Kunβyomi: γγ¨ (koto)
thing, matter, event
Structure
Composition:
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Detailed Explanation
Vocabulary
η¨δΊ
γγγ
errands
倧δΊ
γ γγ
important matter
δ»δΊ
γγγ¨
work
δΊδ»Ά
γγγ
incident
δΊζ
γγγγ
circumstances
Example Sentences
εεΎγ―η¨δΊγγγγΎγγ
γγ γ― γγγ γ γγγΎγγ
I have errands in the afternoon.
γγγ―γ¨γ¦γ倧δΊγͺγγ¨γ§γγ
γγγ― γ¨γ¦γ γ γγ γͺ γγ¨ γ§γγ
This is a very important matter.
ζ―ζ₯δ»δΊγ«θ‘γγΎγγ
γΎγγ«γ‘ γγγ¨ γ« γγγΎγγ
I go to work every day.
ζ¨ε€γδΊδ»Άγθ΅·γγΎγγγ
γγγγγγγ γ γγγΎγγγ
An incident occurred last night.
δΊζ
γ«γγγδΌθ°γ―ε»Άζγ§γγ
γγγγ γ« γγγγγγ γ― γγγ γ§γγ
Due to circumstances, the meeting is postponed.
Cultural Note
π δΊ (γ / γγ¨) is deeply embedded in Japanese culture:
1. Language & Politeness:
o γγ¨ is often used with politeness markers:
ο§ γγγ¨γ§γ β βIt is thatβ¦β (formal statement)
ο§ γγγγγ¨ β βThe act of doing β¦β
2. Business & Daily Life:
o δ»δΊ (γγγ¨) is central in Japanese life, reflecting duty, responsibility, and societal contribution.
o ε€§δΊ (γ γγ) emphasizes respect for important matters, a value in interpersonal and business contexts.
3. Idiomatic Expressions:
o δ»ζΉγγͺγγγ¨οΌγγγ γ γͺγ γγ¨οΌ β βA matter that canβt be helpedβ
1. Language & Politeness:
o γγ¨ is often used with politeness markers:
ο§ γγγ¨γ§γ β βIt is thatβ¦β (formal statement)
ο§ γγγγγ¨ β βThe act of doing β¦β
2. Business & Daily Life:
o δ»δΊ (γγγ¨) is central in Japanese life, reflecting duty, responsibility, and societal contribution.
o ε€§δΊ (γ γγ) emphasizes respect for important matters, a value in interpersonal and business contexts.
3. Idiomatic Expressions:
o δ»ζΉγγͺγγγ¨οΌγγγ γ γͺγ γγ¨οΌ β βA matter that canβt be helpedβ